September 5 in history — What Happened Today in History

The first women arrive at what becomes Greenham Common Women's Peace Camp in the UK.

The Gotthard Road Tunnel opens in Switzerland as the world's longest highway tunnel at 16.9 kilometres (10.5 mi) stretching from Göschenen to Airolo.

Camp David Accords: Menachem Begin and Anwar Sadat begin peace discussions at Camp David, Maryland.

Voyager Program: NASA launches the Voyager 1 spacecraft.

Sacramento, California: Lynette Fromme attempts to assassinate U.S. President Gerald Ford.

Munich massacre: A Palestinian terrorist group called "Black September" attacks and takes hostage 11 Israeli athletes at the Munich Olympic Games. Two die in the attack and nine are murdered the following day.

Vietnam War: Operation Jefferson Glenn begins: The United States 101st Airborne Division and the South Vietnamese 1st Infantry Division initiate a new operation in Thừa Thiên–Huế Province.

Mỹ Lai Massacre: U.S. Army Lieutenant William Calley is charged with six specifications of premeditated murder for the death of 109 Vietnamese civilians in My Lai.

End of the Congress of Carrara, one of the major 20th century anarchist congresses.

Poet Léopold Sédar Senghor is the first elected President of Senegal.

Muhammad Ali (then known as Cassius Clay) wins the gold medal in the light heavyweight boxing competition at the Olympic Games in Rome.

Cuban Revolution: Fulgencio Batista bombs the revolt in Cienfuegos.

KLM Flight 633 crashes into the River Shannon in Shannon, County Clare, Ireland, killing 28.

In France, Robert Schuman becomes President of the Council while being Foreign minister; as such, he is the French negotiator of the major treaties of the end of World War II.

Cold War: Igor Gouzenko, a Soviet Union embassy clerk, defects to Canada, exposing Soviet espionage in North America, signalling the beginning of the Cold War.

Iva Toguri D'Aquino, a Japanese American who broadcast under the name Orphan Annie during World War II, is arrested in Yokohama by U.S. military authorities amid widespread speculation of her being wartime radio propagandist Tokyo Rose.

Belgium, Netherlands and Luxembourg constitute Benelux.

World War II: In the Pacific Theater, the 503rd Parachute Infantry Regiment lands and occupies Lae Nadzab Airport, near Lae during the Salamaua–Lae campaign.

World War II: Japanese high command orders withdrawal at Milne Bay, the first major Japanese defeat in land warfare during the Pacific War.

Whole territory of Estonia is occupied by Nazi Germany.

Chile: A group of youths affiliated with the fascist National Socialist Movement of Chile are executed after surrendering during a failed coup.

Spanish Civil War: Llanes falls to the Nationalists following a one-day siege.

The French Upper Volta is broken apart between Ivory Coast, French Sudan, and Niger.

The pacifist Zimmerwald Conference begins.

World War I: First Battle of the Marne begins. Northeast of Paris, the French attack and defeat German forces who are advancing on the capital.

Russo-Japanese War: In New Hampshire, United States, the Treaty of Portsmouth, mediated by U.S. President Theodore Roosevelt, ends the war.

A fire at the Theatre Royal, Exeter kills 186, making it the UK's deadliest ever building fire.

The first United States Labor Day parade is held in New York City.

Lucas Wallmark, Swedish ice hockey player

Kings Elliot, Swiss-English singer

Sarah Carli, Australian track and field athlete

Bonnie Anderson, Australian singer, songwriter and actress

Dayton Wetherby, US-born Panamanian footballer

Nediam Vargas, Venezuelan sprinter

Gregorio Paltrinieri, Italian swimmer

Pablo Reyes, Dominican baseball player

T. J. Warren, American basketball player

Skandar Keynes, English actor and political adviser

Lance Stephenson, American basketball player

Yuna Kim, South Korean figure skater

Franco Zuculini, Argentine footballer

Phyllis Schlafly, American lawyer, writer, and political activist (born 1924)

Goh Eng Wah, Malaysian-Singaporean businessman, founded Eng Wah Global (born 1923)

Aadesh Shrivastava, Indian singer-songwriter (born 1964)

Chester Stranczek, American baseball player and businessman (born 1929)

Bruce Morton, American journalist (born 1930)

Mara Neusel, German mathematician, author, and academic (born 1964)

Edwin Bideau, American lawyer and politician (born 1950)

Geoffrey Goodman, English pilot, journalist, and author (born 1922)

Isamu Jordan, American journalist and academic (born 1975)

Ian Dick, Australian cricketer and field hockey player (born 1926)

Victoria Fyodorova, Russian-American actress and author (born 1946)

John Oaksey, English jockey and journalist (born 1929)

Hedley Beare, Australian author and academic (born 1932)