July 14 in history — What Happened Today in History

Rawya Ateya takes her seat in the National Assembly of Egypt, thereby becoming the first female parliamentarian in the Arab world.

Ferrari take their first Formula One grand prix victory at the British Grand Prix at Silverstone.

Korean War: beginning of the Battle of Taejon.

Palmiro Togliatti, leader of the Italian Communist Party, is shot and wounded near the Italian Parliament.

In Diamond, Missouri, the George Washington Carver National Monument becomes the first United States National Monument in honor of an African American.

In the Wardha session of Congress, the "Quit India" resolution is approved, authorising Mahatma Gandhi to campaign for India's independence from Britain.

In a decree called the Gleichschaltung, Adolf Hitler abolishes all German political parties except the Nazis.

Nazi eugenics programme begins with the proclamation of the Law for the Prevention of Hereditarily Diseased Offspring requiring the compulsory sterilization of any citizen who suffers from alleged genetic disorders.

World War I: Battle of Delville Wood begins as an action within the Battle of the Somme, lasting until 3 September 1916.

Beginning of the McMahon–Hussein Correspondence between Hussein bin Ali, Sharif of Mecca and the British official Henry McMahon concerning the Arab Revolt against the Ottoman Empire.

Harry Atwood, an exhibition pilot for the Wright brothers, is greeted by president William Howard Taft after he lands his aeroplane on the South Lawn of the White House, having flown from Boston.

Peruvian explorer and farmer Agustín Lizárraga discovers Machu Picchu, the "Lost City of the Incas".

The Campanile in St Mark's Square, Venice collapses, also demolishing the loggetta.

Armies of the Eight-Nation Alliance capture Tientsin during the Boxer Rebellion.

American outlaw Billy the Kid is shot and killed by Sheriff Pat Garrett in the Maxwell House at Fort Sumner, New Mexico.

The Chicago Fire of 1874 burns down 47 acres of the city, destroying 812 buildings, killing 20, and resulting in the fire insurance industry demanding municipal reforms from Chicago's city council.

The first ascent of the Matterhorn is completed by Edward Whymper and his party, four of whom die on the descent.

Opening of the first major US world's fair, the Exhibition of the Industry of All Nations in New York City.

The Finnish War: the Battle of Lapua is fought.

The Sedition Act of 1798 becomes law in the United States making it a federal crime to write, publish, or utter false or malicious statements about the United States government.

Beginning of Priestley Riots (to 17 July) in Birmingham targeting Joseph Priestley as a supporter of the French Revolution.

Inaugural Fête de la Fédération is held to celebrate the unity of the French people and the national reconciliation.

Storming of the Bastille in Paris. This event escalates the widespread discontent into the French Revolution. Bastille Day is still celebrated annually in France.

Foundation of the Mission San Antonio de Padua in modern California by the Franciscan friar Junípero Serra.

An expedition led by Gaspar de Portolá leaves its base in San Diego and sets out to find the Port of Monterey (now Monterey, California).

Anglo-Spanish War: English and Dutch troops sack the Spanish city of Cádiz before leaving the next day.

Darrelle Revis, American football player

Phoebe Waller-Bridge, English actress and screenwriter

Dagbjört Hákonardóttir, Icelandic politician

Samir Handanović, Slovenian footballer

Victoria, Crown Princess of Sweden

Tim Hudson, American baseball player

Steph Bridge, British World Champion kitesurfer

Bubba Ray Dudley, American professional wrestler

Robin Ventura, American baseball player

Matthew Fox, American actor

Jackie Earle Haley, American actor and director

Howard Lutnick, American businessman, CEO of Cantor Fitzgerald, secretary of commerce in the Trump administration

Anna Bligh, Australian politician, 37th Premier of Queensland

Constance Stokes, Australian painter (born 1906)

Raymond Loewy, French-American industrial designer (born 1893)

Ernest Tidyman, American author and screenwriter; Academy Award winner for The French Connection (born 1928)

Philippe Wynne, American soul singer (The Spinners) (born 1941)

Carlos López Moctezuma, Mexican actor (born 1909).

Carl Spaatz, American World War II general; commander of the Strategic Air Forces in Europe (born 1891)

Preston Foster, American actor (born 1900)

Konstantin Paustovsky, Russian author and poet (born 1892)

Tudor Arghezi, Romanian author and poet (born 1880)

Julie Manet, French painter and art collector (born 1878)

Adlai Stevenson II, American soldier and politician, 5th United States Ambassador to the United Nations (born 1900)

Jacinto Benavente, Spanish author and playwright, Nobel Prize laureate (born 1866)

Alphonse Mucha, Czech painter and illustrator (born 1860)