June 23 in history — What Happened Today in History

A fire at a house in Hull, England, which kills a six-year-old boy is passed off as an accident; it later emerges as the first of 26 deaths by fire caused over the next seven years by serial arsonist Peter Dinsdale.

Watergate scandal: U.S. President Richard M. Nixon and White House Chief of Staff H. R. Haldeman are taped talking about illegally using the Central Intelligence Agency to obstruct the Federal Bureau of Investigation's investigation into the Watergate break-ins.

Title IX of the United States Civil Rights Act of 1964 is amended to prohibit sexual discrimination to any educational program receiving federal funds.

Warren E. Burger is sworn in as Chief Justice of the United States Supreme Court by retiring Chief Justice Earl Warren.

IBM announces that effective January 1970 it will price its software and services separately from hardware thus creating the modern software industry.

Seventy-four people were killed and 150 others injured in a stampede at a football match between Boca Juniors and Club Atlético River Plate in Buenos Aires, Argentina.

Cold War: U.S. President Lyndon B. Johnson meets with Soviet Premier Alexei Kosygin in Glassboro, New Jersey for the three-day Glassboro Summit Conference.

The Antarctic Treaty System, which sets aside Antarctica as a scientific preserve and limits military activity on the continent, its islands and ice shelves, comes into force.

The United States Food and Drug Administration declares Enovid to be the first officially approved combined oral contraceptive pill in the world.

Convicted Manhattan Project spy Klaus Fuchs is released after only nine years in prison and allowed to emigrate to Dresden, East Germany where he resumes a scientific career.

The French National Assembly takes the first step in creating the French Community by passing the Loi Cadre, transferring a number of powers from Paris to elected territorial governments in French West Africa.

The ocean liner SS United States is christened and launched.

The United States Senate follows the United States House of Representatives in overriding U.S. President Harry S. Truman's veto of the Taft–Hartley Act.

The 1946 Vancouver Island earthquake strikes Vancouver Island, British Columbia, Canada.

An F4 tornado tears through the Appalachian Mountains, killing over 100 people in West Virginia, particularly in the town of Shinnston.

World War II: Germany's latest fighter aircraft, a Focke-Wulf Fw 190, is captured intact when it mistakenly lands at RAF Pembrey in Wales.

The Lithuanian Activist Front declares independence from the Soviet Union and forms the Provisional Government of Lithuania; it lasts only briefly as the Nazis will occupy Lithuania a few weeks later.

Henry Larsen begins the first successful west-to-east navigation of Northwest Passage from Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.

The Civil Aeronautics Act is signed into law, forming the Civil Aeronautics Authority in the United States.

Wiley Post and Harold Gatty take off from Roosevelt Field, Long Island in an attempt to circumnavigate the world in a single-engine plane.

The College Board administers the first SAT exam.

Shameen Incident: British Army and French Army soldiers stationed in the concession of Shameen open fire on Chinese protesters, resulting in at least 52 deaths.

Estonian War of Independence: The decisive defeat of the Baltische Landeswehr in the Battle of Cēsis; this date is celebrated as Victory Day in Estonia.

Mexican Revolution: Pancho Villa takes Zacatecas from Victoriano Huerta.

Second Balkan War: The Greeks defeat the Bulgarians in the Battle of Doiran.

The Persian Cossack Brigade bombards the building of the National Consultative Assembly of Iran (Majles), killing hundreds of civilians.

The International Olympic Committee is founded at the Sorbonne in Paris, at the initiative of Baron Pierre de Coubertin.

The Rocky Mountains Park Act becomes law in Canada, creating the nation's first national park, Banff National Park.

Vasek Pospisil, Canadian tennis player

Laura Ràfols, Spanish footballer

Lisa Carrington, New Zealand flatwater canoeist

Jordan Nolan, Canadian ice hockey player

Chet Faker, Australian singer-songwriter

Chellsie Memmel, American gymnast

Alessia Filippi, Italian swimmer

Christy Altomare, American actress and singer-songwriter

Marcel Reece, American football player

Duffy, Welsh singer-songwriter and actress

Takeshi Matsuda, Japanese swimmer

Levern Spencer, Saint Lucian high jumper

Brooks Laich, Canadian ice hockey player

Frank Kelso, American admiral and politician, United States Secretary of the Navy (born 1933)

Kurt Leichtweiss, German mathematician and academic (born 1927)

Richard Matheson, American author and screenwriter (born 1926)

Darryl Read, English singer-songwriter, drummer, and actor (born 1951)

Sharon Stouder, American swimmer (born 1948)

James Durbin, English economist and statistician (born 1923)

Brigitte Engerer, French pianist and educator (born 1952)

Alan McDonald, Northern Ireland footballer and manager (born 1963)

Frank Chee Willeto, American soldier and politician, 4th Vice President of the Navajo Nation (born 1925)

Walter J. Zable, American football player and businessman, founded the Cubic Corporation (born 1915)

Peter Falk, American actor (born 1927)

Dennis Marshall, Costa Rican footballer (born 1985)

Fred Steiner, American composer and conductor (born 1923)